Three dimensional, transonic, turbulent flow over the ONERA M6 wing.

Freestream Conditions

Grid

1. To start UPMS type upms at command prompt and hit RETURN (If this does not work, check path or consult your system administrator). After few seconds UPMS will start and presents a single comprehensive view of modeling and simulation process.

2. Next step is to select directory in which grid file resides. To do this, from File pull down menu click Preferences and select Working Directory.

Note: Unless, it is specifically mentioned, for selection and accepting (e.g. click OK), use always LEFT button of Mouse.

User can navigate (from Look in) to select the working directory. It is important to note that when user selects a particular directory, it gets highlighted. Now user must click Select button; otherwise the desired directory will not be selected (double click will not work).

To Preview exist project for this case, File -> Load Project, this will promt for Project Name. Type Onera for project Name. Before going further, it is useful to see the image of geometry. Clicking Active Display check box in Tools pull down menu can do it. A warning message pops up, notifying USER that it is not possible to use New, Load or Import from File menu. Click Yes to continue. After few seconds, image will appear on left panel of UPMS window

3. From File pull down menu, select New Project if you are starting new project, which is the case for this tutorial problem. For an existing project, select Load Project. Upon selecting New Project, this will prompt for Project Name, Grid File as well as CFD Application (PAB3D or CFL3D or TLNS3D). Type name of the project name and grid file name in the respective text boxes; also select the desired code from CFD Application. Grid file name can also selected by double clicking the text box corresponding to Grid File; this will result in a window where all the files residing in the working directory can be seen from which grid file can be selected.

For tutorial problem enter Project Name and Grid File name and click OK. Make sure to have the grid file in your working directory.

A window, which gives the definition of blocks, will be displayed.

User has options of selecting the Blocks, adding or deleting Face Cuts. For tutorial problem, take default values and click OK, which results in two windows.

One window shows important information about the boundary conditions for the problem chosen for this tutorial problem. It gives total number of boundary conditions UPMS could recognize from the grid. The total number of boundary conditions is divided into 3 types, General, Undefined, and Patched. These BC’s will be explained in more detail later in this tutorial. Click OK.

User has to provide all-important information such as Flow BC, Flow, Solver, Viscosity, Boundary conditions through this GUI. Default parameters in Solver and Viscosity work for many problems.

Before going further, it is useful to see the image of geometry. Clicking Active Display check box in Tools pull down menu can do it. A warning message pops up, notifying USER that it is not possible to use New, Load or Import from File menu. Click Yes to continue. After few seconds, image will appear on left panel of UPMS window (Fig. 1).

Fig. 1

Speed will be changed by the factor selected i.e. after selecting the parameter, current speed will be equal to the speed before setting the value for Zoom or Translation multiplied by the factor selected.

Select Flow BC option from UPMS Windows Manger.

Here USER has provision to provide flow boundary conditions. Flow conditions for each block can be specified if the flow conditions are different. If all blocks need to be specified with same flow conditions, use it Select All option.

For tutorial problem, enter the following values as shown in Fig. 2 and click Save Block Options

Fig. 2

Select Flow option

Flow option is provided to input initial conditions. It can be done by clicking Copy from BC. However, this option is not yet implement at present, therefore USER must key in the values. These features in this interface are same as that available in Flow BC interface.

For Tutorial problem enter the values that were used in Flow BC and click Save Block Options. Make sure all the blocks were selected before entering the values.

Select Solver option.

For tutorial problem, set iterations to 100 and select default values in Solver option

Upon selecting Viscosity option. For wide verity of applications, the values in this interface are optimized and should work to give sufficiently accurate results. USER is warned against changing these values unless he/she understands the physics of the problem well enough to change them.

For tutorial problem, select default values in Viscosity option

Select Boundary Conditions option.

Warning: Before specifying boundary conditions, USER must be aware that AutoGrid option that was used to read the grid may not identify all faces in correct fashion. It might add some cuts which might not be needed or it may not cover a face/cut in desired fashion. USER must check and specify all the boundary conditions very carefully.

By default, Block 1 and IMin will be selected at the start. Now let us start specifying all BC’s for the tutorial problem. USER can specify BC’s by selecting any block.

Start with Face (IMin) of Block 1. USER needs to give the range of I, J and K values (if the values are incorrect) and specify boundary condition.

The values of J1 and J2 are correct; therefore non need to change. However the value of K1 is wrong. It should start from 1. BC for this face is Extrapolation, which can be selected from pull down menu at the bottom of the right side panel.

This process should be completed for all other remaining faces of Block 1. From Face pull down menu, select IMax. If UPMS selected J and K values as well as boundary condition correctly, USER does not need to change anything, which is the case here.

Block 1, select JMin face. Resulting K and I limits as well as BC are correct and hence no need change; Block information in Destination in sub-panel is also correct.

Block 1, select JMax face. Resulting K and I limits are correct, but BC is not defined. Select Farfield for this tutorial problem.

Notice that JMax face of Blocks 2,3 and 4 also have the same boundary condition. Examine this by selecting Blocks 2,3 and 4. Multiple selections of blocks can be achieved by clicking blocks to highlight while holding CTRL. This way one can apply boundary conditions very quickly. Let’s do it now.

Select Blocks 2,3, and 4 with JMax face. Change BC to Farfield. And click Save Options.

Block 1, select KMin face. Resulting BC is correct, but limits for I are incorrect. Also notice, BC for KMin face for all blocks is same. However, BC cannot be applied to KMin surface of all blocks at the same time due to incorrect I limits. It may be noted, after selecting more than a block, it is not possible to change the I,J an K limits. However values of I and J can be corrected first block by block, then one can specify BC on KMin surface of all the blocks at the same time.

Now set values for I. No need to change J values, as they are correct.

Block 1, I1 = 1 and I2 = 24

Block 2 (No changes)

Block 3, I1 = 1 and I2 = 72

Block 4, I1 = 1 and I2 = 24

Now select KMin surface of all the blocks at the same time. Since BC (General Symmetry) is correct, click Save Options.

Block 1, select JMin face. Resulting K and I limits as well as BC are correct and hence no need change; Block information in Destination in sub-panel is also correct.

Resulting I and J limits as well as BC are correct and hence no need change; Block information in Destination in sub-panel is also correct.

Block 2, select IMin face. All parameters are correct.

Block 2, select IMax face. All parameters are correct

Block 2, select JMin face. Resulting BC is incorrect. Change BC to No Slip Wall.

Block 2, select JMax face (BC defined already).

Block 2, select KMin face (BC defined already).

Block 2, select KMax face. All parameters are correct.

Block 3, select IMin face. All parameters are correct.

Block 3, select IMax face. All parameters are correct.

Block 3, select JMin face. Resulting BC as well as I range is incorrect. Change BC to No Slip Wall. Set values for I1 to 1 and I2 to 72.

Block 3, select JMax face (BC defined already).

Block 3, select KMin face (BC defined already).

Block 3, select KMax face. All parameters are correct.

Block 4, select IMin face. All parameters are correct.

Block 4, select IMax face. Range for K as well as BC is incorrect. Set K1 to 1 and K2 to 32. Change BC to Extrapolation.

Block 4, select JMin face. All parameters are correct.

Block 4, select JMax face (BC defined already).

Block 4, select KMin face (BC defined already).

Block 4, select KMax face. All parameters are correct.

USER must examine Boundary Conditions again to check if there is any undefined surface still exists. It can be done by selecting Boundary Conditions from Tools pull down menu.

This interface gives complete information on boundary conditions. In this case, UPMS recognized 27 boundary conditions (Warning: They are not necessarily correct). They are divided into Unresolved (0), Undefined (1), Patched (14), General (10), Unmatched Pairs and Open Faces. The numbers given in the parenthesis are relevant only to this tutorial problem. However, we are supposed to get only 24 faces unless there are additional cuts, which is the case with the present tutorial problem. Therefore care should be taken to identify any unwanted surfaces/cuts and must be deleted. Also all the boundary conditions that show up in red color must be corrected. E.g. in this tutorial problem, one undefined BC must be corrected. To view this BC, click Undefined.

There is one surface (JMin) of Block 3, which is not defined. By checking display box, one can view this surface. It also gives tells USER that there is a cut (defined by 2). However, we do not need this cut and can be deleted as follows

Boundary Conditions -> Select Block 3 -> JMin face

Face Cuts -> Select 2

Click Delete (To delete cut 2)

This action deletes cut; also removes Undefined (becomes unfocussed) in Boundary Conditions window

Now examine other boundary conditions. Click patched

By examining the resulting interface, USER will be able to recognize that there are following unwanted cuts

By double clicking on any row in Patched Condition window, the information corresponding to this cut can be seen on main UPMS panel. For example, double clicking Block 3, KMin, 2, Use Adjacent Face, USER should get the related information in the interface.

USER can clearly visualize that this cut is not necessary. To delete this cut, click Delete (in Face Cuts sub-panel). Similar way other cut (Block 4, KMin, 2, Use Adjacent Face) can also be deleted. USER might have to close and open Boundary Conditions (available from Tools pull down menu) to refresh.

Note: Boundary conditions available through Tools pull down menu is very useful to check accuracy as well as accounting for all the surfaces. After specifying BC’s, USER must run through all the boundary conditions to ensure accuracy.